Whereas the familiar battery symbol is used as a generic symbol for any DC voltage source, the circle with the wavy line inside is the generic symbol for any AC voltage source.
One might wonder why anyone would bother with such a thing as AC. It is true that in some cases AC holds no practical advantage over DC. In applications where electricity is used to dissipate energy in the form of heat, the polarity or direction of current is irrelevant, so long as there is enough voltage and current to the load to produce the desired heat (power dissipation). However, with AC it is possible to build electric generators, motors and power distribution systems that are far more efficient than DC, and so we find AC used predominately across the world in high power applications. .
Monday, November 19, 2007
ac and dc
What is alternating current (AC)?
Most students of electricity begin their study with what is known as direct current (DC), which is electricity flowing in a constant direction, and/or possessing a voltage with constant polarity. DC is the kind of electricity made by a battery (with definite positive and negative terminals), or the kind of charge generated by rubbing certain types of materials against each other.
As useful and as easy to understand as DC is, it is not the only "kind" of electricity in use. Certain sources of electricity (most notably, rotary electro-mechanical generators) naturally produce voltages alternating in polarity, reversing positive and negative over time. Either as a voltage switching polarity or as a current switching direction back and forth, this "kind" of electricity is known as Alternating Current (AC)
Most students of electricity begin their study with what is known as direct current (DC), which is electricity flowing in a constant direction, and/or possessing a voltage with constant polarity. DC is the kind of electricity made by a battery (with definite positive and negative terminals), or the kind of charge generated by rubbing certain types of materials against each other.
As useful and as easy to understand as DC is, it is not the only "kind" of electricity in use. Certain sources of electricity (most notably, rotary electro-mechanical generators) naturally produce voltages alternating in polarity, reversing positive and negative over time. Either as a voltage switching polarity or as a current switching direction back and forth, this "kind" of electricity is known as Alternating Current (AC)
Saturday, November 10, 2007
Monday, October 29, 2007
Head to limp head, the sunk-eyed wounded scannedYesterday's Mail; the casualties (typed small)And (large) Vast Booty from our Latest Haul.Also, they read of Cheap Homes, not yet planned;For, said the paper, "When this war is doneThe men's first instinct will be making homes.Meanwhile their foremost need is aerodromes,It being certain war has just begun.Peace would do wrong to our undying dead, —The sons we offered might regret they diedIf we got nothing lasting in their stead.We must be solidly indemnified.Though all be worthy Victory which all bought,We rulers sitting in this ancient spotWould wrong our very selves if we forgotThe greatest glory will be theirs who fought,Who kept this nation in integrity."Nation? — The half-limbed readers did not chafeBut smiled at one another curiouslyLike secret men who know their secret safe.This is the thing they know and never speak,That England one by one had fled to France(Not many elsewhere now save under France).Pictures of these broad smiles appear each week,And people in whose voice real feeling ringsSay: How they smile! They're happy now, poor things.
Happy are men who yet before they are killedCan let their veins run cold.Whom no compassion fleersOr makes their feetSore on the alleys cobbled with their brothers.The front line withers,But they are troops who fade, not flowersFor poets' tearful fooling:Men, gaps for fillingLosses who might have foughtLonger; but no one bothers.
II
And some cease feelingEven themselves or for themselves.Dullness best solvesThe tease and doubt of shelling,And Chance's strange arithmeticComes simpler than the reckoning of their shilling.They keep no check on Armies' decimation.
III
Happy are these who lose imagination:They have enough to carry with ammunition.Their spirit drags no pack.Their old wounds save with cold can not more ache.Having seen all things red,Their eyes are ridOf the hurt of the colour of blood for ever.And terror's first constriction over,Their hearts remain small drawn.Their senses in some scorching cautery of battleNow long since ironed,Can laugh among the dying, unconcerned.
IV
Happy the soldier home, with not a notionHow somewhere, every dawn, some men attack,And many sighs are drained.Happy the lad whose mind was never trained:His days are worth forgetting more than not.He sings along the marchWhich we march taciturn, because of dusk,The long, forlorn, relentless trendFrom larger day to huger night.
V
We wise, who with a thought besmirchBlood over all our soul,How should we see our taskBut through his blunt and lashless eyes?Alive, he is not vital overmuch;Dying, not mortal overmuch;Nor sad, nor proud,Nor curious at all.He cannot tellOld men's placidity from his.
VI
But cursed are dullards whom no cannon stuns,That they should be as stones.Wretched are they, and meanWith paucity that never was simplicity.By choice they made themselves immuneTo pity and whatever mourns in manBefore the last sea and the hapless stars;Whatever mourns when many leave these shores;Whatever sharesThe eternal reciprocity of tears.
II
And some cease feelingEven themselves or for themselves.Dullness best solvesThe tease and doubt of shelling,And Chance's strange arithmeticComes simpler than the reckoning of their shilling.They keep no check on Armies' decimation.
III
Happy are these who lose imagination:They have enough to carry with ammunition.Their spirit drags no pack.Their old wounds save with cold can not more ache.Having seen all things red,Their eyes are ridOf the hurt of the colour of blood for ever.And terror's first constriction over,Their hearts remain small drawn.Their senses in some scorching cautery of battleNow long since ironed,Can laugh among the dying, unconcerned.
IV
Happy the soldier home, with not a notionHow somewhere, every dawn, some men attack,And many sighs are drained.Happy the lad whose mind was never trained:His days are worth forgetting more than not.He sings along the marchWhich we march taciturn, because of dusk,The long, forlorn, relentless trendFrom larger day to huger night.
V
We wise, who with a thought besmirchBlood over all our soul,How should we see our taskBut through his blunt and lashless eyes?Alive, he is not vital overmuch;Dying, not mortal overmuch;Nor sad, nor proud,Nor curious at all.He cannot tellOld men's placidity from his.
VI
But cursed are dullards whom no cannon stuns,That they should be as stones.Wretched are they, and meanWith paucity that never was simplicity.By choice they made themselves immuneTo pity and whatever mourns in manBefore the last sea and the hapless stars;Whatever mourns when many leave these shores;Whatever sharesThe eternal reciprocity of tears.
Wednesday, August 15, 2007
A SUNNY shaft did I behold,
From sky to earth it slanted:
And poised therein a bird so bold—
Sweet bird, thou wert enchanted!
He sank, he rose, he twinkled, he troll'd
Within that shaft of sunny mist;
His eyes of fire, his beak of gold,
All else of amethyst!
And thus he sang:
'Adieu! adieu!Love's dreams prove seldom true.
The blossoms, they make no delay:
The sparking dew-drops will not stay.
Sweet month of May,
We must away;
Far, far away!
To-day! to-day!'
From sky to earth it slanted:
And poised therein a bird so bold—
Sweet bird, thou wert enchanted!
He sank, he rose, he twinkled, he troll'd
Within that shaft of sunny mist;
His eyes of fire, his beak of gold,
All else of amethyst!
And thus he sang:
'Adieu! adieu!Love's dreams prove seldom true.
The blossoms, they make no delay:
The sparking dew-drops will not stay.
Sweet month of May,
We must away;
Far, far away!
To-day! to-day!'
Wednesday, July 18, 2007
LIFE LESSONS FROM MATHEMATICS
1. JUST DO IT
2. MAKE MISTAKE AND FAIL, BUT NEVER GIVE UP
3. KEEP AN OPEN MIND
4. EXPLORE THE CONSEQUENCES OF NEW IDEAS
5. SEEK THE ESSENTIAL
6. UNDERSTAND THE ISSUE
7. UNDERSTAND SIMPLE THINGS DEEPLY
8. BREAK DIFFICULT PROBLEM INTO EASIER ONES
9. EXAMINE A PROBLEM FROM DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW
10. LOOK FOR PATTERNS AND SIMILLARITY
1. JUST DO IT
2. MAKE MISTAKE AND FAIL, BUT NEVER GIVE UP
3. KEEP AN OPEN MIND
4. EXPLORE THE CONSEQUENCES OF NEW IDEAS
5. SEEK THE ESSENTIAL
6. UNDERSTAND THE ISSUE
7. UNDERSTAND SIMPLE THINGS DEEPLY
8. BREAK DIFFICULT PROBLEM INTO EASIER ONES
9. EXAMINE A PROBLEM FROM DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW
10. LOOK FOR PATTERNS AND SIMILLARITY
LIFE LESSONS FROM MATHEMATICS
1. JUST DO IT
2. MAKE MISTAKE AND FAIL, BUT NEVER GIVE UP
3. KEEP AN OPEN MIND
4. EXPLORE THE CONSEQUENCES OF NEW IDEAS
5. SEEK THE ESSENTIAL
6. UNDERSTAND THE ISSUE
7. UNDERSTAND SIMPLE THINGS DEEPLY
8. BREAK DIFFICULT PROBLEM INTO EASIER ONES
9. EXAMINE A PROBLEM FROM
DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW
10. LOOK FOR PATTERNS AND SIMILLARITY
1. JUST DO IT
2. MAKE MISTAKE AND FAIL, BUT NEVER GIVE UP
3. KEEP AN OPEN MIND
4. EXPLORE THE CONSEQUENCES OF NEW IDEAS
5. SEEK THE ESSENTIAL
6. UNDERSTAND THE ISSUE
7. UNDERSTAND SIMPLE THINGS DEEPLY
8. BREAK DIFFICULT PROBLEM INTO EASIER ONES
9. EXAMINE A PROBLEM FROM
DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW
10. LOOK FOR PATTERNS AND SIMILLARITY
Sunday, July 15, 2007
AH, how sweet it is to love!
Ah, how gay is young Desire!
And what pleasing pains we prove
When we first approach Love's fire!
Pains of love be sweeter far
Than all other pleasures are.
Sighs which are from lovers blown
Do but gently heave the heart:
Even the tears they shed alone
Cure, like trickling balm, their smart:
Lovers, when they lose their breath,
Bleed away in easy death.
Ah, how gay is young Desire!
And what pleasing pains we prove
When we first approach Love's fire!
Pains of love be sweeter far
Than all other pleasures are.
Sighs which are from lovers blown
Do but gently heave the heart:
Even the tears they shed alone
Cure, like trickling balm, their smart:
Lovers, when they lose their breath,
Bleed away in easy death.
Sunday, July 8, 2007
Mother
She sits with a sad smile in her face
That runs through her silver hair.
Wondered, I always, what made her
So loving and silent.
Her eyes still searching for
Someone she always missed.
I know, I always did.
She was made to be mother
Of all, to nurture
With that sad look in her face
For she is mother.
Of all.
Of all.
She sits with a sad smile in her face
That runs through her silver hair.
Wondered, I always, what made her
So loving and silent.
Her eyes still searching for
Someone she always missed.
I know, I always did.
She was made to be mother
Of all, to nurture
With that sad look in her face
For she is mother.
Of all.
Of all.
Wednesday, July 4, 2007
All day he sat watching the crowded street, shivering, though the sunwas warm, and breaking his silence with complaints that the fever was upon him, and that he was sick, and that he could not eat. He whimpered and whined so persistently that the assistant drove him off, for hefeared infection, and fancied he might be sickening for the want of peace of mind.
it was raining...inside and out.
it was raining...inside and out.
Tuesday, July 3, 2007
I believe that there is no God. I'm beyond atheism. Atheism is not believing in God. Not believing in God is easy -- you can't prove a negative, so there's no work to do. You can't prove that there isn't an elephant inside the trunk of my car. You sure? How about now? Maybe he was just hiding before. Check again. Did I mention that my personal heartfelt definition of the word "elephant" includes mystery, order, goodness, love and a spare tire?
So, anyone with a love for truth outside of herself has to start with no belief in God and then look for evidence of God. She needs to search for some objective evidence of a supernatural power. All the people I write e-mails to often are still stuck at this searching stage. The atheism part is easy.
But, this "This I Believe" thing seems to demand something more personal, some leap of faith that helps one see life's big picture, some rules to live by. So, I'm saying, "This I believe: I believe there is no God."
Having taken that step, it informs every moment of my life. I'm not greedy. I have love, blue skies, rainbows and Hallmark cards, and that has to be enough. It has to be enough, but it's everything in the world and everything in the world is plenty for me. It seems just rude to beg the invisible for more. Just the love of my family that raised me and the family I'm raising now is enough that I don't need heaven. I won the huge genetic lottery and I get joy every day.
Believing there's no God means I can't really be forgiven except by kindness and faulty memories. That's good; it makes me want to be more thoughtful. I have to try to treat people right the first time around.
Believing there's no God stops me from being solipsistic. I can read ideas from all different people from all different cultures. Without God, we can agree on reality, and I can keep learning where I'm wrong. We can all keep adjusting, so we can really communicate. I don't travel in circles where people say, "I have faith, I believe this in my heart and nothing you can say or do can shake my faith." That's just a long-winded religious way to say, "shut up," or another two words that the FCC likes less. But all obscenity is less insulting than, "How I was brought up and my imaginary friend means more to me than anything you can ever say or do." So, believing there is no God lets me be proven wrong and that's always fun. It means I'm learning something.
Believing there is no God means the suffering I've seen in my family, and indeed all the suffering in the world, isn't caused by an omniscient, omnipresent, omnipotent force that isn't bothered to help or is just testing us, but rather something we all may be able to help others with in the future. No God means the possibility of less suffering in the future.
Believing there is no God gives me more room for belief in family, people, love, truth, beauty, sex, Jell-O and all the other things I can prove and that make this life the best life I will ever have.
So, anyone with a love for truth outside of herself has to start with no belief in God and then look for evidence of God. She needs to search for some objective evidence of a supernatural power. All the people I write e-mails to often are still stuck at this searching stage. The atheism part is easy.
But, this "This I Believe" thing seems to demand something more personal, some leap of faith that helps one see life's big picture, some rules to live by. So, I'm saying, "This I believe: I believe there is no God."
Having taken that step, it informs every moment of my life. I'm not greedy. I have love, blue skies, rainbows and Hallmark cards, and that has to be enough. It has to be enough, but it's everything in the world and everything in the world is plenty for me. It seems just rude to beg the invisible for more. Just the love of my family that raised me and the family I'm raising now is enough that I don't need heaven. I won the huge genetic lottery and I get joy every day.
Believing there's no God means I can't really be forgiven except by kindness and faulty memories. That's good; it makes me want to be more thoughtful. I have to try to treat people right the first time around.
Believing there's no God stops me from being solipsistic. I can read ideas from all different people from all different cultures. Without God, we can agree on reality, and I can keep learning where I'm wrong. We can all keep adjusting, so we can really communicate. I don't travel in circles where people say, "I have faith, I believe this in my heart and nothing you can say or do can shake my faith." That's just a long-winded religious way to say, "shut up," or another two words that the FCC likes less. But all obscenity is less insulting than, "How I was brought up and my imaginary friend means more to me than anything you can ever say or do." So, believing there is no God lets me be proven wrong and that's always fun. It means I'm learning something.
Believing there is no God means the suffering I've seen in my family, and indeed all the suffering in the world, isn't caused by an omniscient, omnipresent, omnipotent force that isn't bothered to help or is just testing us, but rather something we all may be able to help others with in the future. No God means the possibility of less suffering in the future.
Believing there is no God gives me more room for belief in family, people, love, truth, beauty, sex, Jell-O and all the other things I can prove and that make this life the best life I will ever have.
Rajettan
It’s all in the sunshine,
Not in Sun.
Watching, as they go past you,
You watch, too.
Throbbing heart, happier moments awaits you
So you think.
Never, said someone within,
Here starts the beginning.
With every green spot, every mind
To go away, it comes closer,
So you think.
Always, said someone within,
Here ends the beginning.
It’s all in the sunshine,
Not in Sun.
Watching, as they go past you,
You watch, too.
Throbbing heart, happier moments awaits you
So you think.
Never, said someone within,
Here starts the beginning.
With every green spot, every mind
To go away, it comes closer,
So you think.
Always, said someone within,
Here ends the beginning.
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